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有些人愿意聊基督的应许,祂所提供的(救恩)及祂的位格,但我更喜欢提基督的工作,而非基督所提供的(救恩),因为祂的工作比祂在十字架上为我们的罪而死要更广泛。 祂的工包括祂的道成肉身(约3:16),祂无罪的一生(林后5:21),祂做出的神迹(约2:23;7:31;20:30-31),祂的教导(约3:14-18;5:24,39-40;6:35-57;11:25-27),祂忍受的苦难(赛53;彼前3:18),祂在十字架上为我们的罪而死(约3:14-15),祂葬于一个富人的坟墓(赛53:9;约19:38-42),祂三天在阴间(太12:40),祂在第三天身体复活(林前15:18-19),祂复活之后的显现(林前15:5-8),还有祂的升天(约14:28;16:5,7;徒1:9-11)。 所有这些都是我们救恩的重点。 我在第一部分说过,旧约的献祭体系预表着一次献上永远献上的弥赛亚的死。如同旧约中祭物一定要身体没有残疾一样,弥赛亚也必须在灵里是毫无瑕疵的。祂必须没有罪。 耶稣的所有事工都指向髑髅地。祂以这句话开始“我的时候还没有到”(约2:4)。在祂面向大众事工的尾声,耶稣开始说到祂的时间。但是这次,时间到了:“我现在心里忧愁,我说什么才好呢?父啊,救我脱离这时候,但我原是为这时候来的。父啊,愿你荣耀你的名”(约12:27-28)。 祂在十字架上的倒数第二句话是:“成了”(约19:30)。祂完美的一生,事工以及祂在十字架上代替我们死,完成了父差祂来要完成的工作。 关于基督的死,其实有五种不同的观点。 道德影响论。核心是指,耶稣在十字架上的死,连同他的整个生命,都是我们如何生活以便获得永生的榜样。这本质上是一种靠行为得救的形式。 给撒旦的赎价。这种观点认为,神不得不用祂儿子的死来作为给撒旦的赎价,为的是让人们从撒旦和罪的捆绑中得自由。这是靠行为得救的另一种形式,因为目标是为了得救而进行道德上的改变。 基督得胜论。这意思是说基督是得胜者。这种观点认为撒旦没有得到任何赎价。但是就像前面的观点一样,基督的死击败了邪恶,给人以自由来过义的生活。这也是靠行为得救的另一种形式。 我们不是借着过义的生活才重生的。 安瑟伦(Ainseam)的满意论。根据这种观点,人的罪是不义的,一定要除去才能使神的义得到满足。基督的死满足了神的义。 这里也有靠行为得救的观点,因为根据这个论点,一个人不是靠着信耶稣而重生,从而满足神的义。这个观点认为,基督的死使得人以这种方式生活来满足神的义成为可能。也就是说,这种观点,视基督的死让我们可以被拯救。但是救恩的条件和属性是错的。 安瑟伦认为得救从水洗开始,为了维持得救的状态,要定期领圣餐,认罪和忏悔。 惩罚代赎论。改革宗的领袖发展了一种不同的理论,和安瑟伦的观点有关,对它进行了修改。这个观点认为,耶稣以我们的身份而死。结果是人类都成为可以获得拯救的。但是在人如何得救的问题上与安瑟伦的观点不同,这一观点教导人单因着信而得救(尽管加尔文主义者对信的定义差异很大)。那些持代赎论观点的认为救恩不能失去。 代替这个意思可以在“为了”和“替…”这样的字词中看得见,在希腊文中对应的是huper 和peri。(在“基督为我们的罪而死了”林前15:3;约一3:16),也可以在“赎价”这个词中看出(“做多人的赎价”可10:45)。 最后的这个观点是大多数福音派的观点。 耶稣第三天从死里复活,应验了旧约的预言,在四十天的时间里祂向很多人显现(林前15:3-11)。没有祂的复活,祂的献祭就是无效的(林前15:17-19)。祂复活之后的显现是神赐给人的另一个证据。 从在伯利恒,祂由童女所生,直到祂身体从死里复活,基督的工作对我们的救恩来讲是必不可少的。 要想重生,需要相信多少基督的工作呢? 一个人必须对基督的工作有足够的信心,才能确信祂给信徒永生的保证是真的。使徒们在相信他死在十字架上并复活之前就相信祂有永生(太16:21-22)。但是他们听见祂,面对面地看见祂。他们看见了祂的神迹。 对于我们这些在十字架这一边的人来说,相信祂完美的生命,代我们死和身体的复活,应该引导我们相信祂的应许,就是不可挽回的救恩的应许。不幸的是,今天许多基督教徒已经把耶稣的生、死、复活与祂永生的应许分开。他们相信前者,但不相信后者。 重中之重(bullseye)是约3:16的信息。凡信祂的,必不灭亡。这是既成事实。凡信祂的就有永生。这也是既成事实。 基督的位格和工作应该引领我们相信基督的应许。我们会在第三部分中更详细地思考这个应许。 ___ 鲍勃·威尔金(Bob Wilkin)(达拉斯神学院神学硕士,博士)恩典福音派协会(Grace Evangelical Society)创始人及执行主任,聚焦恩典电台(Grace in Focus Radio)联合主持人。他同妻子莎伦(Sharon)住在德州高地村(Highland Village, TX)。鲍勃最新的书有《在一百节经文中的“单凭信心”(暂译)》(Faith Alone in One Hundred Verses)和《回转来活:悔改的力量(暂译)》(Turn and Live: The Power of Repentance)。
Recentemente escrevi um blog discutindo quando os onze discípulos nasceram de novo. Veja aqui. Sugeri que três nasceram de novo no início do ministério de Jesus em João 1. E um número não declarado de outros discípulos veio à fé nas bodas de Caná (João 2:11). Mas sabemos que todos nasceram de novo antes do […]
A algunos les gusta hablar de la Persona, la provisión y la promesa de Cristo. Yo prefiero referirme a la obra de Cristo en lugar de la provisión de Cristo, porque Su obra fue más amplia que Su muerte en la cruz por nuestros pecados. Su obra incluye Su encarnación (Juan 3:16), Su vida sin […]
Americans love heroes. We love to root for people who succeed in the face of adversity. Our love for sports superstars is an example. But the Bible points out that the unknown little guy is often more deserving of our admiration. Three little guys are found at the end of Mark 15. If we were […]
Fault Lines: The Social Justice Movement and Evangelicalism’s Looming Catastrophe. By Voddie T. Baucham, Jr. Washington, D.C.: Salem Books, 2021. 251 pp. Hardcover, $24.99. Baucham addresses the problem of critical race theory, intersectionality, critical social justice, and their impact on our society and Evangelicalism. These ideas view racism as being engrained in the very fabric […]
Rapture Imminence on Trial: An Examination of the “Any Moment Rapture” of the Church. By Tom Keeley. Township, NJ: BookBaby, 2020. 188 pp. Paper, $15.07. For many years, Tom Keeley believed in the pretribulation Rapture of the church. After much study, he concluded that he was wrong. He adopted the prewrath view. This position maintains […]
Rethinking the Dates of the New Testament: The Evidence for Early Composition. By Jonathan Bernier. Grand Rapids, MI: Baker, 2022. 318 pp. Paper, $29.99. Bernier is an assistant professor of New Testament at Regis College, University of Toronto. I was drawn to this book by the subtitle. I thought Bernier would follow the lead of […]
Mom, I’m a Girl. By Judy Glenney. Enumclaw, WA: Redemption Press, 2017. 246 pp. Paper, $16.99. This book tells the story and lessons learned by a mother who lost her son to suicide at the age of 19. The son struggled with what is called transgenderism, though his counselors questioned that diagnosis. Glenney and her […]
Scandalous Grace: A Book for Tired Christians Seeking Rest. By Preston Sprinkle. Colorado Springs, CO: David C. Cook, 2021. 188 pp. Paper, $17.99. The title of this book catches the attention of those who promote the grace of God. Sprinkle desires to show how great the grace of God is. He starts off by discussing […]
Apprehension of Jesus in the Gospel of John. By Josaphat C. Tam. WUNT 2/399. Edited by Jörg Frey. Tübingen, GER: Mohr Siebeck, 2015. 265 pp. Paper, €89,00. Tam is an assistant professor at Evangel Seminary in Hong Kong. This book is a revision of his 2014 Ph.D. thesis at the University of Edinburgh in Scotland. […]
“Do your parents know the Lord?” If your friend asked that, you’d assume he was asking whether your parents were believers. It would be equivalent to “Are...
Welcome to the Grace in Focus podcast. Today, Bob Wilkin and Sam Marr are dealing with a question about Acts 2:38 and other passages. Is...
GES is excited to announce the completion of nine translations of The Epistles of John by Zane C. Hodges. These commentaries are now available as free eBook downloads on...
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