Elwyn asks a great question about what those who come to faith in Christ will receive in the Tribulation and the Millennium:

With the regenerating work of the Holy Spirit required for new birth, what will the results be regarding the regeneration of believers in the Tribulation?  Because of the Rapture, they won’t be part of the Church, the Bride of Christ.  Also, what are the results of the regeneration of believers in the Millennium?

Thanks for the amazing work of GES.

He is right that the church age ends with the Rapture. After that, there will be no new people added to the Church.

During the Tribulation and the Millennium, new believers will either become part of the redeemed in Israel or the nations (the Gentiles).

Lewis Sperry Chafer famously detailed thirty-three things believers receive at the moment of faith. Here are some of those benefits: being regenerated (receiving everlasting life that can’t be lost), becoming a child of God, being set free from the Law of Moses, receiving the forgiveness of sins, being justified before God, being baptized by the Holy Spirit into the Body of Christ (the Church), and being set free from bondage to sin.

The only benefits believers receive now that believers will not receive during the Tribulation and Millennium are 1) being placed into the Body of Christ and 2) no longer being under the Law of Moses. During the Tribulation and the Millennium, the Law of Moses will be in effect for Jewish believers (Matt 24:20; Jer 31:31-34). During the Millennium, Gentiles will be required to go up to Jerusalem for the Feast of Booths (Zech 14:16-19).

All believers in the Tribulation and Millennium will be born again, justified, forgiven, eternally secure, children of God, and set free from sin’s bondage.

The Tribulation will be a terrible time of judgment. The Millennium will be a wonderful time of peace, righteousness, and justice.

Church-age believers will not be present on earth during the Tribulation, but we will be present during the Millennium. Those who were overcomers in this life will rule over the nations and Israel during the Millennium (and on the New Earth after that, Revelation 21-22).

What will life be like during the Millennium? We don’t have many details about kingdom life. But we do know that life for believers will be glorious:

“But as it is written: ‘Eye has not seen, nor ear heard, nor have entered into the heart of man the things which God has prepared for those who love Him’” (1 Cor 2:9 alluding to Isa 64:4; 65:17).

While the kingdom will be glorious for all believers, Paul speaks in this verse of the superlative experience of overcoming believers. Not all believers are “those who love Him.” Compare 2 Tim 4:8, Jas 2:5, and 1 John 2:28. The experience of overcomers will be especially fantastic.

Hodges comments regarding Jas 2:5:

Although salvation is freely bestowed at the moment we exercise simple trust in Christ for eternal life, the kingdom is not inherited that way. Heirship in the kingdom requires us to love God, which we can express only through obedience to Him (John 14:21-24), while obedience itself is the product of living by faith (see Gal 2:20) (James, p. 51).